|
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Safety Data Sheet for Hydrochloric Acid, 28 - 36% |
| 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES |
| Appearance |
Fuming, colourless to pale
yellow liquid. |
| Density Vapour (air =1.0)
Liquid kg/m3@ 150C |
28%: 1140 30%: 1150 32%: 1160 34%: 1169 36%: 1179 |
| Odour |
Pungent, characteristic. |
| Molecular Weight |
36.47 (HCl) |
| pH |
Tends to 0. |
| Solubility |
Miscible in all proportions - an
aqueous solution. |
| Boiling Point 0C |
28%: 970C
30%: 900C
32%: 780C
34%: 670C
36%: 570C |
| Melting Point 0C |
28%:-600C 30%:-510C
32%:-410C 34%:-350C 36%:-330C |
| Vapour Pressure at 150C |
28%: 4.48
30%: 10.13
32%: 22.4
34%: 49.06
36%: 103.99 |
| Flash Point |
Not applicable. |
| Flammability |
Not applicable. |
| Auto Flammability |
Not applicable. |
|
|
| 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY |
| Stability |
Hydrochloric acid is stable during normal use and handling. It will lose strength over time. |
| Conditions to Avoid |
Metals, oxidising agents, alkalis. See Handling and Storage (Section 7). |
| Reaction with other materials:
|
|
| - Water |
No reaction. Completely soluble in water. |
| - Air |
No reaction. |
| - Acids |
Conc. H2SO4 - hydrogenchloride gas evolved.
Conc. HNO3 - forms "aqua regia" with evolution of toxic gas -
nitrosyl chloride. |
| - Bases/Alkalis |
Vigorous exothermic reaction.
The reaction between conc. acids and conc. alkali can be violent. |
| - Oxidising Agents |
Reacts to liberate toxic chlorine gas. |
| - Other Chemicals |
Can liberate harmful gases from certain chemical salts e.g.
cyanides, nitrites, sulphites, acetylides and carbides.
Liberates carbon dioxide from carbonates and bicarbonates. |
| - Hazardous Decomposition Products |
The acid reacts with many metals to liberate highly flammable
hydrogen gas. |
|
|
| 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION |
| Effects of Substance: |
| - On Eyes |
Liquid: severe injury.
Vapour: severe irritation and damage at high concentration, irritant at low concentration. |
| - On Skin |
Liquid: severe irritations and
burns on prolonged contact.
Vapour: severe irritations, may cause burns at high concentrations. |
| - By Skin Absorption |
No data. |
| - By Ingestion |
Acute: severe irritation and
corrosion of the mouth, throat and digestive tract. |
| - When Inhaled (acute effect) |
Exposure to the vapour at
concentrations greatly above the hygiene standard causes irritation to the eyes, nose,
throat and upper respiratory tract. Severe over exposure will result in coughing,
wheezing, shortness of breath, chest pain and may cause lung damage. |
| - When Inhaled (chronic
effect) |
Prolonged or frequent exposure
to concentrations above the hygiene standard causes erosion of the teeth and may cause
damage to mucous membranes and lungs. The irritant effects provide adequate warning and
exposure to harmful levels is unlikely to occur. |
|
|
| 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION |
| Toxic to aquatic forms. 280ppm in freshwater, and 100ppm in salt
water can be lethal. Lowering of pH below 5 could induce fatalities in aquatic life. |
|
|
| 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS |
| Spillages |
Small quantities of material can be disposed of by neutralising
with dilute sodium hydroxide (10%) or with hydrated lime or soda ash to a pH 6-9 and
running to drain. |
| Waste |
Dispose of hydrochloric acid or materials contaminated with
hydrochloric acid using a waste disposal firm. |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
|
|
 |
 |
 |
|
|
|
|
|
